Advances in DNA, histone, and RNA methylation mechanisms in the pathophysiology of alcohol use disorder

Alcohol use disorder (AUD) has a complex, multifactorial etiology involving dysregulation across several brain regions and peripheral organs. Acute chronic alcohol consumption cause epigenetic modifications in these systems, which underlie changes gene expression subsequently, the emergence of pathophysiological phenotypes associated with AUD. One such mechanism is methylation, can occur on DNA, histones, RNA. Methylation relies one carbon metabolism to generate methyl groups, then be transferred acceptor substrates. While DNA methylation particular genes generally represses transcription, histones RNA have bidirectional effects expression. This review summarizes mechanisms behind We discuss field’s findings regarding alcohol’s global gene-specific liver resulting characteristic